写作前应该解决的问题

如何知道论文是否值得发表

1. 最重要的是创新性，在应用上或者方法上带来新的东西
2. 其次是优异的性能，新方法的性能在某些方面是取得重要突破的
3. 最后是条理清晰，有逻辑的表达、关键信息突出、图表并茂、首尾呼应

写论文前，心里应该对要写的东西有把握

• 研究的目标是什么
• 最重要的发现是什么
• 创新点是什么，与之前的论文有什么不同（先说服自己，再说服别人）

选择什么样的期刊 / 会议进行投稿

• 选择影响因子（IF）高的期刊永远是最优的选择，对学术道路影响比较大
• 选择和自己工作研究方向贴合的期刊 / 会议、与自己工作研究角度贴合的期刊 / 会议（问导师）
• 确定了期刊 / 会议后要研究这个期刊 / 会议上面发表的论文的写作风格是怎么样的（先写什么，后写什么，要写什么）

影响因子（IF）是衡量某一特定年份期刊上的平均文章被引用的频率。它通过计算期刊文章被引用的次数来衡量期刊的重要性或排名。 [4]

影响因子现已成为国际上通用的期刊评价指标，它不仅是一种测度期刊有用性和显示度的指标，而且也是测度期刊的学术水平，乃至论文质量的重要指标。影响因子是一个相对统计量。

审稿人看重论文的哪些方面

• type of paper：原创的研究、系统的视角、积极的论文
• subject（主题）：当前热门的主题、原创的或革新的主题
• aim（目的导向）：motivation一定要强，就是要解决什么问题
• style：有据可查、方法明确、合乎道德、可复现、无偏见
• presentation：研究主题不要过于宽泛，又不失一般化

写作前的准备工作

• 阅读所选期刊中引用次数最多的论文，把握写作风格
• 搜集这篇工作可能在related work章节写到的references
• 对于这些参考文献，写自己的文献综述
  • 与本文方法的差异，将结果与我们的结果进行比较
  • 记下各个方法的优缺点

论文写作模版的意义

选择一篇与自己工作密切相关的论文（写作者是英语土著）

• 依葫芦画瓢开始模仿他的每个章节
• 如何组织每个章节的要点
• 段落之间如何连接
• 实验结果与讨论、结论如何书写

论文各个章节的写作顺序（一种比较经典的顺序）

1. Abstract（粗糙版本的草稿）：从摘要开始写，用来明确自己论文的关键部分是什么
2. Methods：最容易书写的部分，因为脑子里很清晰
3. Results & Discussion：最难的部分，解释方法的结果，并于其他结果进行比较
4. Introduction：最重要的部分，需要突出研究的重要性
5. Conclusion：与abstract不同，可能会用过去时书写
6. Abstract：完善abstract

不要先写中文，然后翻译成英文，永远用英文的视角思考与写作（但现在根本做不到、服了）

如何让审稿人不要那么挑刺

• 所有审稿人都喜欢阅读简单的语言，没有复杂的语法，没有生僻的单词
• 用词一定要准确、论文结构一定要清晰，且易于阅读
• 用不是这个领域的专业人士能够理解的句子来写作，写的有趣一点
• 英语土著审稿人会看重：论文的思路流程是什么，阅读的难易程度
• 非英语土著审稿人似乎比较关注语法和词汇错误

写作中的词序Word Order

核心理念：修饰的词语经历先别搞出来，第一句话先把最为主要的内容按照主谓宾宾补的格式写好先

英文的最基本词序是什么

一个句子 = 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 间接宾语

关键规则：使主语、动词、直接宾语和间接宾语尽可能靠近。（不要在它们之间插入其他状语、定语）

• Last week the researchers sent their manuscript to the journal for the second time（(≧∇≦)ﾉ）
• The researcher last week sent for the second time to the journal their manuscript.（(〝▼皿▼)）

以最合乎逻辑的顺序放置各种元素（元素指代每一个单词）

关键规则：不要打破读者阅读句子的流畅性（流畅性，用语感去解释，读的舒服就是流畅）

• Therefore, the rescaled parameters seem to be appropriate for characterizing the properties, from a statistical point of view.
• 直译结果：因此，重新调整的参数似乎适合于表征属性，从统计的角度来看。
• 从中文看都是变扭的
• from statistical view，the rescaled parameters seem to be appropriate for characterizing the properties.

将主语放在动词之前

关键规则：在开始描述某物之前，先说出它是什么。

• Among the factors that influence the choice of parameters are time and cost.

• 直译结果：影响参数选择的因素包括时间和成本。

• time and cost influence the choice of parameters

不要使用固定搭配让主语变得靠后

关键规则：一句话开头就放主语，别堆别的东西

• It is possible that this is due to the poor performance.
• this may due to the poor performance

主语和动词靠近，不要拉太开

关键规则：阅读句子时，如果要迅速把握主要信息，就需要主抓主语和动词。

• People with a high rate of intelligence, and unusual ability to resolve problems, a passion for computers, along with good communication skills are generally employed by such companies.
• such companies generally employe people who with a high rate of intelligence, and unusual ability to resolve problems, a passion for computers, along with good communication skills

避免在主语和动词之间插入括号信息

关键规则：主语宾语之间不要插入状语、表达式等修饰信息。先把主要意思表达出来

The result, after the calculation has been made, can be used to determine Y

the result can be used to determine Y after the calculation has been made

不要将动词与其直接宾语分开 （宾语）

• We can observe from these values a high cost
• We can observe a high cost from these values.

找到句子开头附近的否定 （否定）

否定词：no, do not, does not, none, nothing

关键规则：永远不要强迫读者重新考虑或重新解释他们刚刚阅读的内容。（否定词会多一步逻辑过程），有种我读了一大堆，你最后告诉我要重来，那很难受

• The number of times this happens when the user is online is generally very few.
• this rarely happen when the user is online

在主要动词之前 但助动词和情态动词之后 放置否定

关键规则：

• 单词 not 应该放在与其关联的主要动词之前。F1-Score seems to not be affected by the Injection ratio.
• 当动词 have 和 be 用作主要动词时，not 位于动词之后。Their findings are not significant.
• Not 位于情态动词和助动词之后。Such parameters should not be treated with attention

在给出理由之前说明你的目标

关键规则：先讲重点，先讲结论

In order to win the game, you need to make the most training. To do this, you need to develop …

副词放置的位置

副词：Only, also, usually, always, never

关键规则：

放在主要动词之前，The doctors are also confused about this result.

当有两个辅助词时，将它们定位在第二个辅助词之前，I would never have done it if I had known the reason.

段落构建

一个新的section部分，写一些什么内容？

section是一个大的部分，里面可能有A、B、C等多个小点。

• section的开头应该有一个小段，主要作为mini summary，例如这样的句子
  • This section attempts to answer the question …
  • Our aim is to provide a simple alternative to the complex theoretical models that attempt to explain …
  • In this section, we present a simplified model, which we believe is…
  • This section reviews the process of …. This process provides the backbone to the system at our research.
• 下面A、B、C的小点的结构指引（例如这样的句子：The next article is organized as follows, A is used to introduce… , B is used to introduce…）

不过具体怎么写还是看所选会议 / 期刊的整体写作风格

一个新的section的第一段，需要直奔主题

关键规则：结论先行，直接把结论讲出来（将你的发现），而不是以一个讲故事的形式先说发生了什么再说结论

• Not Good：An analysis of the number of words used in English vs. Italian, showed that the average sentence in English was 25 words long, whereas in Italian it was 32 words long (See Table 1). This indicates that when an Italian document is translated into English, there is much effort on removing redundancy.”
• Good：Through our analysis when an Italian document is translated into English, there is much effort on removing redundancy.

把跟研究最相关的主语放在句子的开头

关键规则：先把内容（主语）讲出来，再去补充细节。这样读者阅读的时候思考就不会费力

• Not Good：Particularly interesting for researchers in physics is the new feature, named X, for calculating velocity.
• Good： X is a new feature for calculating velocity. It is particularly interesting for physicists.

在给读者提供主要信息之前，不要强迫读者在脑海中持有大量的初步信息

原始版本：

• Considering that the rapid increase in the volume of data generated from connected devices in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), opens up new possibilities for enhancing the quality of service for the emerging applications through data sharing,
• and, security and privacy concerns (e.g, data leakage) are major obstacles for data providers to share their data in wireless networks because the leakage of private data can lead to serious issues beyond financial loss for the providers,
• we thus propose a blockchain-empowered secure data-sharing architecture for distributed multiple parties in this article.

修订版本：

• The rapid increase in the volume of data generated from connected devices in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), opens up new possibilities for enhancing the quality of service for the emerging applications through data sharing
• However, security and privacy concerns (e.g, data leakage) are major obstacles for data providers to share their data in wireless networks.
• The leakage of private data can lead to serious issues beyond financial loss for the providers.
• In this article, we thus propose a blockchain-empowered secure data sharing architecture for distributed multiple parties.

修订版的所有句子，都遵循一个格式：主谓宾宾补。这种形式就强行将核心内容放在开头，减少读者需要记忆的信息量

使用一致的numbering system列出phases, states, parts

numbering system：firstly、secondly、thirdly、finally

在我们描述我们的procedure、methodology、project时就需要这样处理

拆分长段落

原始版本：

To make the situation worse, the network operators face another threat that malicious attackers may falsify the network-view in the corrupted domain controllers, aiming to destroy the overall consensus of network view. Through a review, we find that the protection mechanism that prevents the network consensus from being falsified is missing from the existing research community. Therefore, we intend to implement a consensus protection system that enables tamper-proof mechanism for distributed networks. In summary, our study leads to the following major contributions. We study the block chain based data-synchronization problem to address the malicious falsification attack. We then implement a tamper-proof network-view protection prototype towards consensus for distributed networks,based on Ethereum platform. The reminder of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 reviews the related work. Section 3 introduces the design of our proposed network-view protection system, and the methodology of our implementation. Evaluation results of our prototype is shown in Section 4. Finally, section 5 concludes this work and reveals future work.

新版本：

（标示词汇）可以 指明 从何处开始新 sent. 或新段落

Typical phrases	Function
In order to do this / To this end / With this in mind	陈述某事的目的
Then / Following this / Afterwards	指示时间关系
For example, / An example of this is / In fact, / Unlike / Nevertheless,	举个例子，表明支持 / 否定的证据
In addition / Another way to do / An additional feature of	补充额外信息
On the other hand / In contrast	限定您刚才所说的内容：即表示异常或参数的两面
Due to / Since / Although	给出某事的理由
Thus / Therefore / Consequently / Because of this	表示后果
This means that / This highlights that / These considerations imply that / In conclusion / In sum	宣布并就您在前几句中所说的内容给出一个简短的结论。
Firstly, secondly, finally	在列表中引入元素
Figure 1 shows / As can be seen in Table 2	谈论数字、表格等
As far as X is concerned, / In relation to X / In the case of / With regard to / With respect to (w.r.t) / As noted earlier	引入新元素;回想一下前面提到的事情。
It is worth noting that / Interestingly	添加一些额外的信息或发表一些评论，不一定是直接针对您之前提到的事情，而是作为旁白（旁白）。

什么时候开启新段落呢

在文献综述部分，当

• 你开始谈论你所在领域研究的逻辑构建的不同阶段
• 你开始谈论另一位作者的工作。

在 Methods 部分中，如果这些组件或步骤位于单独的段落中，它可以帮助读者识别各种组件或理解各种步骤。

当你开始谈论你的研究和你的主要发现时，开始一个新的段落（This study shows that … / Our findings highlight … / These results indicate that …）

段落结束语：避免冗余

• 如果你的写作清晰，无需在两个段落之间写总结句。
• 一些作者通过谈论下一节的覆盖范围来结束本节，此类信息通常是多余的。

拆散长句

不推荐使用长句子的原因

• 长句子增大了读者的理解难度
• 写短句子会使得合著者更容易帮助自己修改文本
• 短句通常需要重复关键词，从而强调重点（在突出结果部分或讨论部分中的重要观点时）
• 不推荐一直使用长句子不代表全文都要短句子。最重要的还是语义舒适，让读者读着流畅

原版：

We investigated the meaning of life. We used four different methodologies. Each methodology gave contradictory results. The results confirmed previous research indicating that we understand absolutely nothing. Future research will investigate something more simple: the cerebral life of a PhD student

太多冗余了，读起来让人一直停顿切割语义，修订版如下：

We investigated the meaning of life using four different methodologies, and each methodology gave contradictory results.

The results confirmed previous research indicating we understand absolutely nothing. Future research will investigate something more simple: the cerebral life of a PhD student

如何拆分长句子呢？

在表达你的aim时，考虑将一个长句分成短部分

关键规则：科技论文一般都会涵盖两个方面：why and what。即解释做了什么与为什么这样做。

这里拆分两种情况：

• 如果why可以写的很短，那就用一些固定搭配引导
  • 固定搭配：In order to, with the purpose of, with the aim to, in an attempt to
  • 例子：In order to test our hypothesis, we randomly sample from a selection of documents.
• 如果why的句子长度超过15个单词时，先讲what 后讲why是比较好的做法
  • Not Good：In order to establish a relationship between document length and level of bureaucracy (官僚作风) and to confirm whether documents, such as reports regarding legislative (立法的) and administrative (行政的) issues, vary substantially in length from one language to another, we conducted an analysis of A, B and C.
  • Good：We conducted an analysis of A, B and C for two reason. One is …. . Another is …

将 and 、 as well as 、 in addition 、furthermore 、moreover 替换成句号

关键规则：一般用 and 和 as well as 连接起来的东西是并列的，如果这些东西是句子，那么就会显的比较冗长。

• 原始版本：The treatments are very often expensive and technically difficult, moreover their effectiveness very much depends on…
• 修订版：The treatments are very often expensive and technically difficult. Moreover, their effectiveness very much depends on…

连接词要谨慎使用，不要用连接词连接两个长句子。

关键规则：翻译软件翻译出来后，看到连接词直接拆成两句话。

连接词：Whereas, on the other hand, although, however， because, as, since

• 原始版本：The levels of cadmium in Site C were comparable to the levels found in Sites A and B in the previous years, although / however this was not the case for the levels found in the south-east part of Site C
• 修订版本：The levels of cadmium in Site C were comparable to the levels found in Sites A and B in the previous years. However, this was not the case for the levels found in the south-east part of Site C.

避免使用which， -ing这种结构来补充信息，导致句子很长

关键规则：人脑在阅读时，由于习惯会按照句号分割来理解句子。当用which， -ing来补充信息时，读者大脑就由于习惯被迫一直读到句号才停止。这就带来了负担。解决方法就是直接在which, -ing出现的地方砍成两句话

原始版本：As can be seen from Table 1, the concentrations were far higher than expected especially in the first set of samples, indicating that one cause of pollution was …

修订版本：As can be seen from Table 1, the concentrations were far higher than expected especially in the first set of samples. xxxx

限制一个句子中出现的逗号数量

关键规则：用逗号持续添加句子，a sign of lazy writing, seems as 思路不清晰 解决方案：重新梳理逻辑，多用一些单词也可以，甚至分成几段表述

不要使用分号（；）

关键规则：分号在现代英语里面不常用，如何解决这个问题呢。一般就是拆成两句话或者用冒号（：）代替

原始版本：Our system is based on four components: it has many data files (the weather, people, places, etc.); it has procedures which it tries to use to combine these files by working out how to respond to certain types or patterns of questions (this entails the user knowing what types of questions it can answer); it has a form to understand the questions posed in a natural language (so the user may need to know English) which it then translates into one of the types of questions it knows how to answer; finally, it has a very powerful display module, which it uses to show the answers, using graphs, maps, histograms etc.

修订版本：Our system is based on four components. Data file: … . Procedures: … . Form: … . Display module: …

保持简洁、减少冗余

少写，就是少犯错误，也会使得关键点更清晰（没有别的信息干扰了）

删减单个多余的单词

关键规则：有些修饰词即时不写，也能很清楚的知道原句子是个什么意思

• It was small [in size], round [in shape] yellow [in color] and heavy [in weight].
• This was covered in the Materials and Methods [section]

关键规则：把那些没有意义的 / 重复的单词都删掉

• This point is critical and fundamental for our research purposes.

删减抽象词，保留具象词

关键规则：像 task , activity这样的词，对于阐释具体信息没有帮助的，为什么不直接替换成具体的内容呢

• 原版本：The process of registration can take up to ten minutes.
• 新版本：registration can take up to ten minutes.

避免使用 泛型 + 特定 这种结构

• Meetings will be held twice a year in June and December.（直接删了 twice a year）
• We investigated two countries (i.e., Italy and France), both of which show their different characteristics（直接删了two countries）

固定搭配要使用的话，就用词最少的那个

Note that可以代表下面所有的固定搭配：

• It must be emphasized / stressed / noted / remarked / underlined
• It is interesting to observe that
• It is worthwhile bearing in mind / noting / mentioning that…
• It is important to recall that …
• As the reader will no doubt be aware …
• We have to point out that …

since 可以替换下面所有的固定搭配：

• Considering that, given that, due to the fact that,
• on the basis of the fact that
• in view of the fact that,
• in consequence of that fact that

连接两个句子时，保证连接词尽可能短

• 原始版本：From the previous list of properties, it emerges that cooperation with devices is a complex task.
• 修订版本： Cooperation with devices is a complex task from the previous list of properties.

表达式的压缩

关键规则： 形容词 + 通用名称 => 副词

• A number of times = > frequently
• from time to time => occasionally
• In a rapid manner => rapidly

• in an efficient way => efficiently

• 原始版本：To do this, the application searches for solutions in an automatic way
• 修订版本：To do this, the application searches for solutions automaticly

删除多余的形容词

关键规则:

• 使用形容词时,想一下是否真的有必要使用它，如A real challenge, a novel solution, an interesting result, an appropriate method
• 不要使用成对的形容词或名词，This is [absolutely] necessary as the reader could interpret the sentence in a [completely] different way.

删减毫无意义的介绍性短语

关键规则：如果这个章节的大标题是result，那么下面段落就不要出现The results of ，Let us analyze the results的字眼，完全是重复

it is + adj + to do something 不要使用

• 使用情态动词替换 it is ：It is mandatory to use X => X is must used
• 使用副词替换 it is ： It is surprising that no research has been carried out in this area before. => Surprisingly , no research has been carried out in this area before

能用等价的动词，就不要用等价的名词

• Symbols will be defined in the text at their first occurrence => Symbols will be defined in the text when first occure.
• X was used to calculate Y

使用单个动词，而不是使用一个动词 + 名词

X showed a better performance than Y => X perform better than Y

类似的替换还有：

原格式	替换式
achieve an improvement / show an improvement	improve
carry out a test	test
conduct a survey	survey
effect a reduction	reduce
execute a search	search
exert an influence	influence
exhibit a performance	perform
experience a change / implement a change	change
give an explanation	explain
make a prediction	predict
obtain an increase	increase
reach a conclusion	conclude

降低作者的出现频次

关键规则：减少we, our 这样的字眼出现，作者不要在自己的文章中评论

• We find it interesting to have x = y => Interestingly, x = y.
• It is now time to turn our attention, in the rest of the paper, to the question of … => in the rest of the paper, to the question of …

引用数字和表格时要简洁

• From an analysis of Table 3, it emerges that… => Table 3 show ….
• We can observe / As can be seen from Table 3 that.. => Table 3 show …

不要给自己加戏

使用不定式(to do)可以减少表达式长度

In order to maximize channel utilization => to maximize channel utilization

避免歧义

将单词按照明确的位置放置

当一个单词可以用不止一种方式解释时，就会出现歧义。所以将单词放在合适的位置很重要

Professors like annoying students 这句话可以等价下面两句话

• Professors like to annoy their students.
• Professors like students who are annoying.

代词是最容易产生歧义的

• I put the book in the car and then I left it there all day. 这句话中it 可以指代book 也可以指代 car
• 解决方法就是不要使用代词，除非可以明确指出它指代谁
• I put the book in the car and then I left the book there all day.

不要使用过多的同义词来代表同一个东西，这会带来理解上的困难

不要有 Monologophobia （害怕在单个句子或段落中多次使用同一个词），使用多样的同义词只会带来理解上的烦恼。

Not Good：Companies have to pay many taxes. In fact, occasionally enterprises fail because of over-taxation. Some firms resolve this problem by moving their headquarters to countries where the tax rate is lower.

Good：Some companies fail beacuse of over-taxation, so they resolve this problem by moving their headquarters to countries where the tax rate is lower.

不要使用专业词汇，导致读者阅读困难

the homophily among humans introduces additional features in the way people in a mobile social network move and behave.

这句话中的 homophily 翻译为 同质性，这词对于搞计算机的不熟，属于社会学范畴，所以用解释代替这种专业词。

The tendency of individuals to associate and bond with similar people introduces additional features in the way people in a mobile social network move and behave.

使用尽可能精确的词汇，不要有模糊

• happened in a number of cases => this happened in 11 cases. 能将清楚具体比例的，就不要模糊化
• Usually the raw datasets include too many noises => 用了usually，那其他情况呢，这个usually具体指代什么情况呢？

尽量不用宽泛的词

• 原始版本：This kind of investigation, i.e., the analysis of the network-traffic logs, also aims to find the source of attacks which fails the servers.
• 修订版本：the analysis of the network-traffic logs aims to find the source of attacks which fails the servers.

使用标点符号来明确划分各类观念

• 原始版本：The languages were grouped as follows: Spanish, Italian and Romanian; German and Dutch; and Swedish and Norwegian.
• 修订版本：The languages were allocated to three groups: (1) Spanish, Italian and Romanian; (2) German and Dutch; and (3) Swedish and Norwegian.

语法上造成歧义的情况

• 定语从句、状语从句中的which, that, who，如要使用，那么就必须保证和指代的名词连在一起。
• Correct the sentences below which contain grammatical mistakes. => Correct the sentences below that contain grammatical mistakes.

明确 Who do What

一篇科技性质的论文，会涉及到非常多的工作与结果。阐释清楚这些成果都是谁的，工作是谁的很重要。

具体来说，实现这种区分在语法写作上有如下方法：

使用第一人称

• 如果要投稿的 会议 / 期刊 运行使用we 这种主动语态，那么就直接使用we 来区分自己的工作和别人的工作（如果怕we 使用太多，可以换一下we 的表述：we found sth … / it was found sth …）
• 不要使用someone , people这种泛指人类的词汇，如果知道工作是谁的就直接写作者名字, 或者用引用的形式，把文章的引用当成主语

• 有些结论不需要已经发表的工作来证明，完全是太简单的直接结论，那就直接讲结论即可

• 原始版本：Using methodology X is considered the same as using methodology Y. （这里的consider意思是被认为，但是被谁认为又没讲，这种情况就不要写这种模糊词了）
• 模糊词：acknowledge, conceive, consider, describe, design, develop, find, observe, propose, suggest.
• 修订版本：Using methodology X is the same as using methodology Y

使用段落区，时态分各个作者的工作

每次开始讲述新的工作 / 自己的工作，那么就开一个新的段落

别人已经做好的工作用过去时，自己的工作用现在时

盲审情况的处理

当审稿人不知道他们正在阅读的论文的作者时 ， 编辑将从paper的顶部删除您的姓名和机构，以使审稿人在推荐时完全主观。

这时候由于论文还是会引用别的paper，你应该避免提供任何关于你是谁的线索。

栗子：如果我是 John Wall

• 我在论文中引用自己的文章：In a previous paper (Wall et al., 2017), we demonstrated that…
• 我应该修改成：Wall et al. (2017) demonstrated that..
• 等论文被接收，再改回原版

强调自己工作的发现

使用bullets and headings来展示自己工作的贡献（重点用粗体）

使用figure和table来展示工作的重点

工作中最为核心的贡献肯定要用表格或图片展示的

调查要投稿的会议 / 期刊的图片风格是什么，然后模仿绘制

使用短句，副词、形容词等突出工作重点

• 短句更容易被注意到，也很容易理解。
• 避免使用包含 note 和 note 的短语，如：It is interesting to note, It is worth noting, It should be noted that …

不要夸大工作的成就和重要性

• 考虑到您的方法中可能存在的任何潜在偏见或局限性
• 夸大你的发现会让推荐人怀疑你有研究偏见， – 可能会被拒绝。

讨论工作的限制条件与不足

• 不隐藏任何负面结果
• 清楚诚实地说明您的方法的局限性
• 对于方法的局限性，不要消极的描述（Regrettably, unfortunately），最好是积极的描述
• 对于方法的局限性，不要模糊的表述，也要提出一定的补救措施
  • One limitation of our research was the sample size. Clearly 200（讲清楚到底是多小） Xs are not enough to make generalizations about metric Y.
  • Two of our data samples were contaminated. This occurred because … We thus plan to repeat our experiments（补救措施） in future work. However, our analysis of the uncontaminated samples (24 in total) supported our initial hypothesis that .
• 对于局限性，讲出来这个问题对于其他作者也遇到了，并非我方法的问题（甩锅三连）
• 告诉读者，以一个什么角度去看待你的发现（这个角度看，局限性就不是局限性了）
  • In this view, these data may mean that …
• 不要通过谈论你的局限性来结束你的论文
  • 谈论其他应用/对您的发现的影响
  • 为未来建议其他研究方向
  • 再次强调你的发现的好处

防备与批评

一句话来总结就是写作时语气不要太装，防止审稿人审稿时被写作方式带偏。具体的方式有：

• 淡化动词：This factor is responsible for the increase in… => This factor is probably / may be responsible
• 淡化 adj 和 adv
• 非常强烈的adj和adv： Innovative， novel， cutting edge，Extremely important, very significant，of fundamental importance…
• 慎用argue，而是使用suggest, infer, calculate, and believe
• 以积极的态度看待其他作者的研究，给他们积极的评价